Overview
Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) is a surgical procedure in which the entire breast, including the nipple, areola, and overlying skin is removed along with the axillary lymph nodes, while preserving the chest wall muscles. It is one of the most commonly performed surgical treatments for breast cancer and is indicated in cases where breast-conserving surgery is not feasible, such as when the tumour is large relative to breast size, multifocal, involves the nipple-areola complex, or when the patient has a strong preference for mastectomy. MRM provides effective local disease control and accurate staging through axillary lymph node dissection.
The Procedure
At ILS Hospitals, modified radical mastectomy is performed under general anaesthesia by our experienced oncosurgical team. An elliptical incision is made on the breast, and the breast tissue, including the skin and nipple, is removed along with the level I and level II axillary lymph nodes. The pectoralis major and minor muscles are carefully preserved to maintain chest wall strength and shoulder function. The procedure typically takes 2 to 3 hours. A surgical drain is placed to prevent fluid accumulation, and the wound is closed meticulously. All excised tissue and lymph nodes are sent for comprehensive histopathological analysis to guide adjuvant therapy decisions.
Recovery
Patients typically remain hospitalised for 2 to 3 days following MRM. The surgical drain is removed once drainage reduces to an acceptable level. Shoulder and arm exercises are initiated early to prevent stiffness and reduce the risk of lymphoedema. Patients are counselled comprehensively regarding wound care, arm care, lymphoedema prevention, and breast reconstruction options. Our oncology team at ILS Hospitals coordinates the complete multidisciplinary pathway, including medical oncology, radiation oncology, and psychological support to ensure holistic, compassionate care through every stage of the breast cancer treatment journey.
