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ILS Hospitals: Advancing Haematology Care for Blood Disorders

Haematology, a subspecialty within internal medicine, is dedicated to the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood components. This encompasses blood cells, proteins, platelets, haemoglobin, and blood vessels, along with blood-forming organs like bone marrow and the spleen.

Our specialized team of haematologists at ILS Hospitals addresses both benign and malignant disorders of platelets, red and white blood cells, immunocytes, and coagulation systems in both children and adults. We are equipped to handle a spectrum of conditions, ranging from routine blood disorders to complex cases requiring advanced interventions.

Specializations in Haematology:

• Hemoglobinopathy:
• Focuses on disorders related to abnormal production or molecular structure of haemoglobin. Common conditions include haemoglobin C disease, haemoglobin S-C disease, sickle cell anaemia, and Thalassemia.
• Haematological Malignancy:
• Involves cancers originating in the bone marrow or immune system cells, such as leukaemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. These cancers result from uncontrolled division of abnormal cells.
• Coagulopathy:
• Deals with bleeding disorders, specifically the formation of blood clots in the body. Conditions like haemophilia make it challenging for the body to control bleeding.
• Anaemia:
• Encompasses health conditions where there’s a deficiency of red blood cells, leading to inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. Types of anaemia include Aplastic anaemia, Iron deficiency anaemia, Sickle cell anaemia, Thalassemia, and Vitamin deficiency anaemia.

Common Symptoms of Blood Abnormalities:

• Excessive bleeding or bruising
• Frequent and unexplained nosebleeds
• Recurring infections
• Shortness of breath
• Dizziness or headache
• Pale skin
• Fever and sudden weight loss
• Night sweats
• Fatigue or weakness
• Chest pain, head, and neck pain
• Vomiting
• Joint swelling and stiffness

When to Consult a Haematologist:

• If you are diagnosed with any blood disorder or experience:
• Prolonged fever not responding to routine therapy
• Nodes in the body not responding to routine therapy
• Abnormal blood counts (high or low white blood cell or platelet counts)
• Bleeding manifestations
• Clotting issues
• Recurrent infections
• Prolonged or excessive bleeding
• Blood in the urine
• Persistent symptoms

Diseases Treated by Haematologists:

• Haematologists collaborate with healthcare professionals to treat various conditions, including:
• Anaemia
• Blood cancer
• Lymphoma or myeloma
• Aplastic anaemia
• Bone marrow failure syndromes
• Myelodysplastic syndrome
• Myeloproliferative disease
• Myelofibrosis
• Hemochromatosis (excess iron absorption)
• Hemoglobinopathy (Thalassemia, Sickle Cell Anaemia)
• Polycythaemia
• Blood coagulation disorders
• Blood clots
• Von Willebrand disease
• Bleeding disorders (Haemophilia, Vitamin K deficiency)

Diagnostic Approaches:

• To diagnose and treat various blood disorders, our haematologists employ a range of diagnostic techniques:
• Blood Test
• Evaluates abnormalities by checking protein levels in red and white blood cells, assessing various blood conditions.
• Complete Blood Cell Count (CBC) and Peripheral Smear:
• Assesses blood factors like red and white blood cells, haemoglobin, plasma, and platelets, helping detect underlying blood diseases.
• Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy:
• Examines bone marrow tissue for diseases, aiding in the diagnosis of bone marrow disorders and cancers.
• Platelet Count:
• Measures platelet levels to identify conditions like thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis.
• Blood Enzyme Tests:
• Identifies tissue damage or diseases by measuring proteins and enzymes in the blood.
• Complete Iron Profile:
• Measures iron levels to diagnose anaemia and other iron-related disorders.
• Immunoglobulins Blood Test:
• Detects antibodies to diagnose infections, immune deficiencies, autoimmune disorders, and cancer.
• Hemoglobinopathy Test:
• Evaluates abnormal structures or amounts of haemoglobin, identifying haemoglobin disorders.
• Immune Phenotyping:
• Identifies cell lineages using antibodies to detect markers, aiding in the diagnosis of leukaemia, lymphoma, and blood cell cancers.
• Cytogenetics and Molecular Studies:
• Tests blood and bone marrow samples for changes in chromosomes, diagnosing genetic diseases, conditions, or certain cancers.

At ILS Hospitals, our commitment to comprehensive haematological care ensures accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plans for our patients, fostering healthier lives.